Construction is the process of building a suitable structure. It starts with planning, design, and financing; and continues until the project is built and ready for use.
History
The first huts and shelters were constructed by hand or with simple tools. As cities grew a class of professional craftsmen, like bricklayers and carpenters, appeared. Occasionally, slaves were used for construction work. In the Middle Ages, these were organized into guilds. Later, steam-powered machinery appeared, along with diesel- and electric powered vehicles such as cranes, excavators and bulldozers.
Types of construction
In general, there are three sectors of construction: buildings, infrastructure and industrial.
Building construction is the process of adding structure to real property or construction of buildings. The majority construction includes small renovations, such as addition of a room, or renovation of a bathroom. Building construction projects typically include various common elements, such as design, financial, estimating and legal considerations.
Construction equipment are generally used for companies involved in construction and roadways. This equipment is quite essential for completing various projects and road repair works.
Construction apparatus
Loader– The Loader is a scoop vehicle used majorly in road and building construction projects. Loader are of many types like front loader, bucket loader, back-end loader etc. Loaders also aid in moving materials like sand, cement etc.
Crane– A crane is operated by switches and cables for lifting and lowering resource materials for building structures of various kinds. They are also used for destruction purpose along with boom trucks.
Excavator– It is a big tool with extended arm and bucket to dig holes or foundations in farmlands or construction projects. It also performs other functions like demolishing various structures, lifting materials, dredging the rivers, etc.
Crawler– More popular as a bull-dozer, crawler is used for dynamic construction plants and projects. They have dozer blade attachments to be used as a tractor.
Road Rollers– These tools facilitate in compacting or flattening concrete, gravel or asphalt materials. This heavy equipment is generally used for building roadways and large building structures.
Safety
Construction is one of the most dangerous occupations in the world, incurring more occupational fatalities than any other sector. Falls are one of the most common causes of fatal and non-fatal injuries among construction workers.Proper safety equipment such as harnesses and guardrails and procedures such as securing ladders and inspecting scaffolding can curtail the risk of occupational injuries in the construction industry.
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